FAQs: Breastfeeding in the context of mpox – information for health workers

Version 2.0 (18 December 2024)

These Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) have been developed by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group Infectious Disease Taskforce based on the most recent recommendations, collective knowledge and evidence on mpox, taking into account the specific contexts affected by the current mpox outbreak. The FAQs also draw on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the IFE Core Group. These FAQs are intended to provide answers to health workers and the public – including mothers who are breastfeeding or expressing milk – on breastfeeding during the current mpox outbreak. A decision tree shows how health workers in maternity services, paediatric units, nutritional units and community settings may implement these recommendations as part of their daily work with mothers and families.

The FAQs reflect:

• The available evidence regarding the transmission risks of mpox virus through breastmilk and breastfeeding WHO's mpox guidance (2022);
• The protective effects of breastmilk and breastfeeding; and
• The harmful effects of inappropriate use of breastmilk substitutes.